In these decades, the situation of smoking \u00a0has radically changed in Japan. \u00a0Here is the data of smokers in Japan:<\/p>\n
In the 1980’s, \u00a0it was so common to smoke in a car, even if there was a child. \u00a0If you watch old Japanese movies, you could find guys are smoking anytime and anywhere. Now, smokers are impounded in small and \u00a0usually shabby cages \u00a0named “smoking space.”<\/p>\n
Considering The Right for Non-smokers<\/em> by Isayama Yoshiro was published in 1983, when the right was not publicly recognized in Japan. \u00a0In this book, the author should have explained “passive smoking” as an unknown concept.<\/p>\n The Sociology of Cigarettes<\/em>, published in 1992, is a Japanese translation of \u00a0a Cigarettes by Ronald Troyer and Gerald Markle. \u00a0In the postscript, the translators point out several common features between America and Japan as follows: (1) Female smokers had been stigmatized. (2) \u00a0The military systems had provided legitimacy for smoking with utilizing cigarettes \u00a0as a prize. \u00a0(3) \u00a0Medical claims had \u00a0served to restrict smoking in public spaces. (4) But, at the same time, the sales of cigarettes was increasing at that time.<\/p>\n \u00a0The Ecology of Passive Smoking<\/em> by Murata Yohei is a more recent book published \u00a0in 2012. \u00a0The author pays attention to the fact that there is a\u00a0large gender difference of smoking behavior in Japan, and criticizes advertisements for cigarette in the Goffmanian way.<\/p>\n In Japan, cigarette and tea have been the traditional means for relaxing in daytime. \u00a0For example, there is a local folk term “do tobacco[tabako suru],” \u00a0which means taking a work time. \u00a0One of the two main means for break is almost purged by\u00a0medical interpretation now.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n [Data source]<\/p>\n
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